There is a need for the communities to develop their health financing system, most especially those that were not covered by the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). This will give the people an opportunity to finance their medical care which in turn would alleviate financial burden at the point of treatment. Therefore, this study is aimed to determine the level of awareness for Community B...

BACKGROUND  Community health workers (CHWs) were trained in Burkina Faso, Nigeria, and Uganda to diagnose febrile children using malaria rapid diagnostic tests, and treat positive malaria cases with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) and those who could not take oral medicines with rectal artesunate. We quantified the impact of this intervention on private household costs for childhood...

The vertebrate central nervous system contains a great diversity of neurons and glial cells, which are generated in the embryonic neural tube at specific times and positions. Several classes of transcription factors have been shown to control various steps in the differentiation of progenitor cells in the neural tube and to determine the identity of the cells produced. Recent evidence indicates...

The meteorological service (MS) in Korea is provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), a governmental organization. This study attempts to measure the economic value of the national MS in the Korean household sector. Economic theory indicates that the economic value of a service is the area under the demand curve, which is the sum of the actual expenditure and the additional wil...

Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonotic and devastating disease that affects households’ potential to improve their well-being through trade in livestock and livestock commodities. Despite the disease being endemic in Zambia, there is inadequate information, on its socio-economic impact on the well-being of households rearing livestock. Therefore, a crosssectional study was conducted in Wes...

The demand function for vaccines against typhoid fever was estimated using stated preference data collected from a random sample of 1065 households in Hue, Vietnam, in 2002. These are the first estimates of private willingness-to-pay (WTP) and demand functions for typhoid vaccines in a developing country. Mean respondent WTP for a single typhoid fever vaccine ranged from USD 2.30 to USD 4.80. M...

BACKGROUND Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a common immune-mediated complication of lepromatous (LL) and borderline lepromatous (BL) leprosy. Most patients experience chronic or multiple acute ENL over many years during an economically active period of their lives. Understanding the economic burden of ENL is essential to provide effective patient support, yet this area has not been investiga...

This study modeled the US Dollar and Nigerian Naira exchange rates during COVID-19 pandemic period using a classical statistical method – Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) two machine learning methods Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Random Forest (RF). The data were divided into sets namely: training set test set. was used to obtain parameters of model, performance estimated mode...

INTRODUCTION Malaria remains a real problem of public health. Its hospital care generates important expenditures for affected households. The present study aimed to estimate direct and indirect costs of severe child malaria in reference hospitals in Kinshasa. METHODOLOGY This prospective study included 1,350 children under 15 years of age suffering from severe malaria. The study was performed...

We consider polynomials in two variables which satisfy an admissible second order partial differential equation of the form (*) Auxx + 2Buxy + Cuyy +Dux + Euy = u; and are orthogonal relative to a symmetric bilinear form de…ned by '(p; q) = h ; pqi+ h ; pxqxi ; where A; ; E are polynomials in x and y; is an eigenvalue parameter, and are linear functionals on polynomials. We …nd a condition for ...